diff --git a/openair1/SCHED_NR_UE/fapi_nr_ue_l1.c b/openair1/SCHED_NR_UE/fapi_nr_ue_l1.c
index b5ada482ea..38033b2005 100644
--- a/openair1/SCHED_NR_UE/fapi_nr_ue_l1.c
+++ b/openair1/SCHED_NR_UE/fapi_nr_ue_l1.c
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ int8_t nr_ue_scheduled_response_stub(nr_scheduled_response_t *scheduled_response
                 rx_ind->pdu_list[j].ul_cqi = scheduled_response->tx_request->tx_config.ul_cqi;
                 char buffer[1024];
                 hexdump(rx_ind->pdu_list[j].pdu, rx_ind->pdu_list[j].pdu_length, buffer, sizeof(buffer));
-                LOG_I(MAC, "Melissa Elkadi, this is hexdump of pdu %s before queuing rx_ind\n",
+                LOG_D(MAC, "Melissa Elkadi, this is hexdump of pdu %s before queuing rx_ind\n",
                       buffer);
               }
 
diff --git a/openair2/LAYER2/NR_MAC_UE/nr_ue_scheduler.c b/openair2/LAYER2/NR_MAC_UE/nr_ue_scheduler.c
index c3247438d2..2efd567e48 100644
--- a/openair2/LAYER2/NR_MAC_UE/nr_ue_scheduler.c
+++ b/openair2/LAYER2/NR_MAC_UE/nr_ue_scheduler.c
@@ -1841,7 +1841,10 @@ nr_ue_get_sdu(module_id_t module_idP, int CC_id, frame_t frameP,
                                 buflen_remain-MAX_RLC_SDU_SUBHEADER_SIZE,
                                 (char *)&ulsch_sdus[sdu_length_total],0,
                                 0);
-
+        char buffer[1024];
+        hexdump((char *)&ulsch_sdus[sdu_length_total], buflen_remain, buffer, sizeof(buffer));
+        LOG_I(MAC, "Melissa Elkadi, this is hexdump of pdu %s right after receving in MAC layer\n",
+              buffer);
         AssertFatal(buflen_remain >= sdu_lengths[num_sdus],
                     "LCID=%d RLC has segmented %d bytes but MAC has max=%d\n",
                     lcid, sdu_lengths[num_sdus], buflen_remain);
@@ -1868,8 +1871,9 @@ nr_ue_get_sdu(module_id_t module_idP, int CC_id, frame_t frameP,
                   buflen - (total_rlc_pdu_header_len + sdu_length_total + MAX_RLC_SDU_SUBHEADER_SIZE);
         }
         char buffer[1024];
-        hexdump(&ulsch_sdus[sdu_length_total], lcid_buffer_occupancy_new, buffer, sizeof(buffer));
-        LOG_I(MAC, "Melissa Elkadi, this is hexdump of pdu %s \n", buffer);
+        hexdump(&ulsch_sdus[sdu_length_total], buflen_remain, buffer, sizeof(buffer));
+        LOG_I(MAC, "Melissa Elkadi, total_rlc_pdu_header_len %d and this is hexdump of pdu %s \n",
+              total_rlc_pdu_header_len, buffer);
   }
 
 }
diff --git a/openair2/LAYER2/NR_MAC_gNB/gNB_scheduler_ulsch.c b/openair2/LAYER2/NR_MAC_gNB/gNB_scheduler_ulsch.c
index 18c816b050..89efb1db1c 100644
--- a/openair2/LAYER2/NR_MAC_gNB/gNB_scheduler_ulsch.c
+++ b/openair2/LAYER2/NR_MAC_gNB/gNB_scheduler_ulsch.c
@@ -283,7 +283,7 @@ void nr_process_mac_pdu(
                                  1,
                                  NULL);
                 char buf[1024];
-                hexdump((char *) (pdu_ptr + mac_subheader_len), mac_sdu_len, buff, sizeof(buf));
+                hexdump((char *) (pdu_ptr + mac_subheader_len), mac_sdu_len, buf, sizeof(buf));
                 LOG_I(MAC, "Melissa Elkadi, after passing to rlc this is hexdump of pdu %s \n", buf);
                 /* Updated estimated buffer when receiving data */
                 if (sched_ctrl->estimated_ul_buffer >= mac_sdu_len)
diff --git a/openair2/LAYER2/nr_pdcp/nr_pdcp_entity_drb_am.c b/openair2/LAYER2/nr_pdcp/nr_pdcp_entity_drb_am.c
index d3c8f6908c..5f20215fa7 100644
--- a/openair2/LAYER2/nr_pdcp/nr_pdcp_entity_drb_am.c
+++ b/openair2/LAYER2/nr_pdcp/nr_pdcp_entity_drb_am.c
@@ -58,6 +58,10 @@ void nr_pdcp_entity_drb_am_recv_sdu(nr_pdcp_entity_t *_entity, char *buffer, int
   nr_pdcp_entity_drb_am_t *entity = (nr_pdcp_entity_drb_am_t *)_entity;
   int sn;
   char buf[size+3];
+  char buf_mel[1024];
+  hexdump(buffer, size, buf_mel, sizeof(buf_mel));
+  LOG_I(PDCP, "Melissa Elkadi in %s, this is hexdump of pdu %s recevied in PDCP layer directly\n",
+        __FUNCTION__, buf_mel);
 
   sn = entity->common.next_nr_pdcp_tx_sn;
 
@@ -71,6 +75,10 @@ void nr_pdcp_entity_drb_am_recv_sdu(nr_pdcp_entity_t *_entity, char *buffer, int
   buf[1] = (sn >> 8) & 0xff;
   buf[2] = sn & 0xff;
   memcpy(buf+3, buffer, size);
+  char buf_melissa[1024];
+  hexdump(buf+3, size, buf_melissa, sizeof(buf_melissa));
+  LOG_I(PDCP, "Melissa Elkadi in %s, this is hexdump of pdu %s copied into buf+3 in PDCP. And this is the sdu_id %d\n",
+        __FUNCTION__, buf_melissa, sdu_id);
 
   if (entity->common.has_ciphering)
     entity->common.cipher(entity->common.security_context, (unsigned char *)buf+3, size,
@@ -78,6 +86,10 @@ void nr_pdcp_entity_drb_am_recv_sdu(nr_pdcp_entity_t *_entity, char *buffer, int
 
   entity->common.deliver_pdu(entity->common.deliver_pdu_data,
                              (nr_pdcp_entity_t *)entity, buf, size+3, sdu_id);
+  char buf_meli[1024];
+  hexdump(buf, size + 3, buf_meli, sizeof(buf_meli));
+  LOG_I(PDCP, "Melissa Elkadi in %s, this is hexdump of pdu %s After delivering to RLC\n",
+        __FUNCTION__, buf_meli);
 }
 
 void nr_pdcp_entity_drb_am_set_integrity_key(nr_pdcp_entity_t *_entity, char *key)
diff --git a/openair2/LAYER2/nr_pdcp/nr_pdcp_oai_api.c b/openair2/LAYER2/nr_pdcp/nr_pdcp_oai_api.c
index 912d5a8f49..40c0aa0054 100644
--- a/openair2/LAYER2/nr_pdcp/nr_pdcp_oai_api.c
+++ b/openair2/LAYER2/nr_pdcp/nr_pdcp_oai_api.c
@@ -265,6 +265,9 @@ static void *ue_tun_read_thread(void *_)
     }
 
     LOG_D(PDCP, "%s(): nas_sock_fd read returns len %d\n", __func__, len);
+    char buffer[1024];
+    hexdump(rx_buf, len, buffer, sizeof(buffer));
+    LOG_I(MAC, "Melissa Elkadi, this is hexdump of pdu %s from tunnel interface\n", buffer);
 
     nr_pdcp_manager_lock(nr_pdcp_ue_manager);
     rnti = nr_pdcp_get_first_rnti(nr_pdcp_ue_manager);
@@ -940,7 +943,10 @@ static boolean_t pdcp_data_req_drb(
           __FILE__, __LINE__, __FUNCTION__, rnti, rb_id);
     return 0;
   }
-
+  char buffer[1024];
+  hexdump((char *)sdu_buffer, sdu_buffer_size, buffer, sizeof(buffer));
+  LOG_I(PDCP, "Melissa Elkadi in %s, this is hexdump of pdu %s from tunnel interface in PDCP layer\n",
+        __FUNCTION__, buffer);
   rb->recv_sdu(rb, (char *)sdu_buffer, sdu_buffer_size, muiP);
 
   nr_pdcp_manager_unlock(nr_pdcp_ue_manager);
diff --git a/openair2/LAYER2/nr_rlc/nr_rlc_entity_am.c b/openair2/LAYER2/nr_rlc/nr_rlc_entity_am.c
index 2dee3c193c..5fa5ed35c3 100644
--- a/openair2/LAYER2/nr_rlc/nr_rlc_entity_am.c
+++ b/openair2/LAYER2/nr_rlc/nr_rlc_entity_am.c
@@ -552,7 +552,10 @@ void nr_rlc_entity_am_recv_pdu(nr_rlc_entity_t *_entity,
   int control_e2;
   int control_e3;
   unsigned char sn_set[32768];  /* used to dec retx_count only once per sdu */
-
+  char buf_3[1024];
+  hexdump(buffer, size, buf_3, sizeof(buf_3));
+  LOG_I(MAC, "Melissa Elkadi, %s in %s():%d\n",
+        buf_3, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__);
   nr_rlc_pdu_decoder_init(&decoder, buffer, size);
   dc = nr_rlc_pdu_decoder_get_bits(&decoder, 1); R(decoder);
   LOG_I(RLC, "Melissa Elkadi, we are here %s(): %d. dc = %d\n", __FUNCTION__, __LINE__, dc);
@@ -815,9 +818,20 @@ static int serialize_sdu(nr_rlc_entity_am_t *entity,
 
   nr_rlc_pdu_encoder_put_bits(&encoder, 1, 1);             /* D/C: 1 = data */
   nr_rlc_pdu_encoder_put_bits(&encoder, 0, 1);     /* P: reserve, set later */
-
+  char buf_1[1024];
+  hexdump(sdu->sdu->data, sdu->size, buf_1, sizeof(buf_1));
+  LOG_I(MAC, "Melissa Elkadi, %s in %s():%d\n",
+        buf_1, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__);
   nr_rlc_pdu_encoder_put_bits(&encoder, 1-sdu->is_first,1);/* 1st bit of SI */
+  char buf_2[1024];
+  hexdump(sdu->sdu->data, sdu->size, buf_2, sizeof(buf_2));
+  LOG_I(MAC, "Melissa Elkadi, %s in %s():%d\n",
+        buf_2, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__);
   nr_rlc_pdu_encoder_put_bits(&encoder, 1-sdu->is_last,1); /* 2nd bit of SI */
+  char buf_3[1024];
+  hexdump(sdu->sdu->data, sdu->size, buf_3, sizeof(buf_3));
+  LOG_I(MAC, "Melissa Elkadi, %s in %s():%d\n",
+        buf_3, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__);
 
   if (entity->sn_field_length == 18)
     nr_rlc_pdu_encoder_put_bits(&encoder, 0, 2);                       /* R */
@@ -833,7 +847,10 @@ static int serialize_sdu(nr_rlc_entity_am_t *entity,
 
   if (p)
     include_poll(entity, buffer);
-
+  char buf[1024];
+  hexdump(buffer + encoder.byte, sdu->size, buf, sizeof(buf));
+  LOG_I(MAC, "Melissa Elkadi, this is hexdump of pdu %s right after calling generate_pdu in %s\n",
+        buf, __FUNCTION__);
   return encoder.byte + sdu->size;
 }
 
@@ -1557,19 +1574,25 @@ int nr_rlc_entity_am_generate_pdu(nr_rlc_entity_t *_entity,
 {
   nr_rlc_entity_am_t *entity = (nr_rlc_entity_am_t *)_entity;
   int ret;
+    LOG_I(MAC, "Melissa Elkadi, in %s(): %d\n", __FUNCTION__, __LINE__);
 
   if (status_to_report(entity)) {
+    LOG_I(MAC, "Melissa Elkadi, in %s(): %d\n", __FUNCTION__, __LINE__);
     ret = generate_status(entity, buffer, size);
     if (ret != 0)
       return ret;
   }
 
   if (entity->retransmit_list != NULL) {
+    LOG_I(MAC, "Melissa Elkadi, in %s(): %d\n", __FUNCTION__, __LINE__);
     ret = generate_retx_pdu(entity, buffer, size);
     if (ret != 0)
       return ret;
   }
-
+  char buf[1024];
+  hexdump(buffer, size, buf, sizeof(buf));
+  LOG_I(MAC, "Melissa Elkadi, this is hexdump of pdu %s right before calling generate_pdu in %s\n",
+        buf, __FUNCTION__);
   return generate_tx_pdu(entity, buffer, size);
 }
 
diff --git a/openair2/LAYER2/nr_rlc/nr_rlc_entity_tm.c b/openair2/LAYER2/nr_rlc/nr_rlc_entity_tm.c
index 86a0697624..1bd404da77 100644
--- a/openair2/LAYER2/nr_rlc/nr_rlc_entity_tm.c
+++ b/openair2/LAYER2/nr_rlc/nr_rlc_entity_tm.c
@@ -104,6 +104,7 @@ int nr_rlc_entity_tm_generate_pdu(nr_rlc_entity_t *_entity,
                                   char *buffer, int size)
 {
   nr_rlc_entity_tm_t *entity = (nr_rlc_entity_tm_t *)_entity;
+  LOG_I(MAC, "Melissa Elkadi, in %s(): %d\n", __FUNCTION__, __LINE__);
 
   return generate_tx_pdu(entity, buffer, size);
 }
diff --git a/openair2/LAYER2/nr_rlc/nr_rlc_entity_um.c b/openair2/LAYER2/nr_rlc/nr_rlc_entity_um.c
index 4ef952667d..463e67bb37 100644
--- a/openair2/LAYER2/nr_rlc/nr_rlc_entity_um.c
+++ b/openair2/LAYER2/nr_rlc/nr_rlc_entity_um.c
@@ -353,9 +353,20 @@ static int serialize_sdu(nr_rlc_entity_um_t *entity,
   /* generate header */
   nr_rlc_pdu_encoder_init(&encoder, buffer, bufsize);
 
+  char buf_1[1024];
+  hexdump(sdu->sdu->data, sdu->size, buf_1, sizeof(buf_1));
+  LOG_I(MAC, "Melissa Elkadi, %s in %s():%d\n",
+        buf_1, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__);
   nr_rlc_pdu_encoder_put_bits(&encoder, 1-sdu->is_first,1);/* 1st bit of SI */
+  char buf_2[1024];
+  hexdump(sdu->sdu->data, sdu->size, buf_2, sizeof(buf_2));
+  LOG_I(MAC, "Melissa Elkadi, %s in %s():%d\n",
+        buf_2, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__);
   nr_rlc_pdu_encoder_put_bits(&encoder, 1-sdu->is_last,1); /* 2nd bit of SI */
-
+  char buf_3[1024];
+  hexdump(sdu->sdu->data, sdu->size, buf_3, sizeof(buf_3));
+  LOG_I(MAC, "Melissa Elkadi, %s in %s():%d\n",
+        buf_3, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__);
   /* SN, if required */
   if (sdu->is_first == 1 && sdu->is_last == 1) {
     nr_rlc_pdu_encoder_put_bits(&encoder, 0, 6);                       /* R */
@@ -369,9 +380,23 @@ static int serialize_sdu(nr_rlc_entity_um_t *entity,
   if (!sdu->is_first)
     nr_rlc_pdu_encoder_put_bits(&encoder, sdu->so, 16);               /* SO */
 
+  char buf_sdu[1024];
+  hexdump(sdu->sdu->data, sdu->size, buf_sdu, sizeof(buf_sdu));
+  LOG_I(MAC, "Melissa Elkadi, this is hexdump of sdu->data %s in %s\n",
+        buf_sdu, __FUNCTION__);
+
   /* data */
   memcpy(buffer + encoder.byte, sdu->sdu->data + sdu->so, sdu->size);
 
+  char buf_5[1024];
+  hexdump(buffer, sdu->size, buf_5, sizeof(buf_5));
+  LOG_I(MAC, "Melissa Elkadi, this is hexdump of pdu %s right after memcpy of just buffer %s\n",
+        buf_5, __FUNCTION__);
+
+  char buf[1024];
+  hexdump(buffer + encoder.byte, sdu->size, buf, sizeof(buf));
+  LOG_I(MAC, "Melissa Elkadi, this is hexdump of pdu %s right after memcpy sdu into buffer in %s\n",
+        buf, __FUNCTION__);
   return encoder.byte + sdu->size;
 }
 
@@ -479,9 +504,15 @@ static int generate_tx_pdu(nr_rlc_entity_um_t *entity, char *buffer, int size)
   /* update tx_next if the SDU is an SDU segment and is the last */
   if (!sdu->is_first && sdu->is_last)
     entity->tx_next = (entity->tx_next + 1) % entity->sn_modulus;
-
+  char buf[1024];
+  hexdump(buffer, sdu->size, buf, sizeof(buf));
+  LOG_I(MAC, "Melissa Elkadi, this is hexdump of pdu %s right before calling serialize_sdu in %s\n",
+        buf, __FUNCTION__);
   ret = serialize_sdu(entity, sdu, buffer, size);
-
+  char buf_1[1024];
+  hexdump(buffer, size, buf_1, sizeof(buf_1));
+  LOG_I(MAC, "Melissa Elkadi, this is hexdump of pdu %s right after calling serialize_sdu in %s\n",
+        buf_1, __FUNCTION__);
   entity->tx_size -= sdu->size;
   nr_rlc_free_sdu_segment(sdu);
 
@@ -523,6 +554,7 @@ int nr_rlc_entity_um_generate_pdu(nr_rlc_entity_t *_entity,
                                   char *buffer, int size)
 {
   nr_rlc_entity_um_t *entity = (nr_rlc_entity_um_t *)_entity;
+  LOG_I(MAC, "Melissa Elkadi, in %s(): %d\n", __FUNCTION__, __LINE__);
 
   return generate_tx_pdu(entity, buffer, size);
 }
diff --git a/openair2/LAYER2/nr_rlc/nr_rlc_oai_api.c b/openair2/LAYER2/nr_rlc/nr_rlc_oai_api.c
index 111d952cc7..5875e66e94 100644
--- a/openair2/LAYER2/nr_rlc/nr_rlc_oai_api.c
+++ b/openair2/LAYER2/nr_rlc/nr_rlc_oai_api.c
@@ -197,6 +197,10 @@ tbs_size_t mac_rlc_data_req(
     rb->set_time(rb, nr_rlc_current_time);
     maxsize = tb_sizeP;
     ret = rb->generate_pdu(rb, buffer_pP, maxsize);
+    char buffer[1024];
+    hexdump(buffer_pP, ret, buffer, sizeof(buffer));
+    LOG_I(MAC, "Melissa Elkadi, this is hexdump of pdu %s right after calling generate_pdu in %s\n",
+              buffer, __FUNCTION__);
   } else {
     LOG_E(RLC, "%s:%d:%s: fatal: data req for unknown RB, channel_idP: %d\n", __FILE__, __LINE__, __FUNCTION__, channel_idP);
     exit(1);