382 lines
13 KiB
Markdown
382 lines
13 KiB
Markdown
STATUS 2020/10/15 : added External Resources section and links
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**Table of Contents**
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[[_TOC_]]
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## External Resources
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Additional Resources to this page can be found here (special mention to Walter Maguire <wmaguire@live.com>) :
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[Additional Notes Supporting the OAI COTS NSA](https://docs.google.com/document/d/1pL8Szm0ocGxdl5ESVp12Ff71a4PbhCb9SpvbLZzwYbo/edit?usp=sharing)
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At time of writing, the openairinterface5G Commit Tag is 2020.w39
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Faraday Cages can be found here :
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[Faraday Cage](http://www.saelig.com/MFR00066/ste2300.htm)
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## Configuration Overview
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* Non Standalone (NSA) configuration : initial Control Plane established between UE and RAN eNB, then User Plane established between UE and gNB, Core network is 4G based supporting rel 15
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* OAI Software Defined gNB and eNB
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* eNB RF front end: USRP (ETTUS) B200 Mini or B210
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* gNB RF front end: USRP (ETTUS) B200 Mini or B210 (N310 will be needed for MIMO and wider BW's)
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* 5G TDD duplexing mode
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* 5G FR1 Band n78 (3.5 GHz)
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* BW: 40MHz
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* Antenna scheme: SISO
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## COTS UEs
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Our code might not work with all 5G phones yet, but we are constantly improving it. Here is a list of COTS UEs that we know that work with OAI.
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* Oppo Reno 5G
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* Samsung A90 5G
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* Samsung A42 5G
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* Google Pixel 5G (note1)
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* Simcom SIMCOM8200EA
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* Quectel RM500Q-GL
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Note1: In the version we have at Eurecom, you need to set the PLMN to 50501, and you also need to change the firmware to "11.0.0 (RD1A.201105.003.B1, Nov 2020, EU carriers)" (see [Factory Images for Nexus and Pixel Devices](https://developers.google.com/android/images))
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## Repository
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[OAI](https://gitlab.eurecom.fr/oai/openairinterface5g/tree/develop)
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## Architecture Setup
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The scheme below depicts our typical setup:
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The photo depicts the FR1 setup part of the scheme above:
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## Build and Install
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General guidelines to build eNB and gNB :
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See [Building UE, eNB and gNb executables](https://gitlab.eurecom.fr/oai/openairinterface5g/blob/develop/doc/BUILD.md#building-ues-enodeb-and-gnodeb-executables)
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- **eNB**
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```bash
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cd <your oai installation directory>/openairinterface5g/
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source oaienv
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cd cmake_targets/
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./build_oai -I -w USRP --eNB
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```
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- **gNB**
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```bash
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cd <your oai installation directory>/openairinterface5g/
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source oaienv
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cd cmake_targets/
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./build_oai -I -w USRP --gNB
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```
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- **EPC**
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for reference:
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[DEPLOY_HOME_MAGMA_MME](https://github.com/OPENAIRINTERFACE/openair-epc-fed/blob/master/docs/DEPLOY_HOME_MAGMA_MME.md)
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## Configuration Files
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Each component (EPC, eNB, gNB) has its own configuration file.
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These config files are passed as arguments of the run command line, using the option -O \<conf file\>
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The **REFERENCE** files for eNB and gNB, **used by the CI**, can be found here:
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* [enb conf file](../ci-scripts/conf_files/enb.band7.25prb.usrpb200.tm1.conf)
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* [gnb conf file](../ci-scripts/conf_files/gnb-du.sa.band78.106prb.usrpb200.conf)
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These files have to be updated manually to set the IP addresses and frequency.
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---
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>**⚠️ ATTENTION ⚠️**
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>
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>An **EXTERNAL** clock is used to sync the eNB and gNB, whether the clock is internal or external is defined in the configuration files (!! details needed !!)
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>
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---
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1- In the **eNB configuration file** :
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- look for MME IP address, and update the **ipv4 field** with the IP address of the **EPC** server
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```
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////////// MME parameters:
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mme_ip_address = ({ ipv4 = "**YOUR_EPC_IP_ADDR**"; });
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```
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- look for S1 IP address, and update the **3 fields below** with the IP address of the **eNB** server
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```
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NETWORK_INTERFACES :
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{
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ENB_IPV4_ADDRESS_FOR_S1_MME = "**YOUR_ENB_IP_ADDR**";
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ENB_IPV4_ADDRESS_FOR_S1U = "**YOUR_ENB_IP_ADDR**";
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ENB_PORT_FOR_S1U = 2152; # Spec 2152
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ENB_IPV4_ADDRESS_FOR_X2C = "**YOUR_ENB_IP_ADDR**";
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ENB_PORT_FOR_X2C = 36422; # Spec 36422
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};
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```
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2- In the **gNB configuration file** :
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- look for MME IP address, and update the **ipv4 field** with the IP address of the **EPC** server
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```
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////////// MME parameters:
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mme_ip_address = ({ ipv4 = "**YOUR_EPC_IP_ADDR**"; });
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```
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- look for X2 IP address, and update the **4 fields** with the IP address of the **eNB** server / **gNB** server as below (notice : even if -in principle- S1 MME is not required for gNB setting)
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```
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///X2
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enable_x2 = "yes";
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t_reloc_prep = 1000; /* unit: millisecond */
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tx2_reloc_overall = 2000; /* unit: millisecond */
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target_enb_x2_ip_address = ({ ipv4 = "**YOUR_ENB_IP_ADDR**"; });
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NETWORK_INTERFACES :
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{
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GNB_IPV4_ADDRESS_FOR_S1_MME = "**YOUR_GNB_IP_ADDR**";
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GNB_IPV4_ADDRESS_FOR_S1U = "**YOUR_GNB_IP_ADDR**";
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GNB_PORT_FOR_S1U = 2152; # Spec 2152
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GNB_IPV4_ADDRESS_FOR_X2C = "**YOUR_GNB_IP_ADDR**";
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GNB_PORT_FOR_X2C = 36422; # Spec 36422
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};
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```
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3- The frequency setting requires a manual update in the .C and in the gNB conf file:
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In the C file **openair2/RRC/LTE/rrc_eNB.c:3217**
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set the nrarfcn to the same value as absoluteFrequencySSB in the **gNB config file**, that is **641272** in the example below
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C file :
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```
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MeasObj2->measObject.choice.measObjectNR_r15.carrierFreq_r15 =641272;
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```
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gNB config file :
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```
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# absoluteFrequencySSB is the central frequency of SSB
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absoluteFrequencySSB = 641272;
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dl_frequencyBand = 78;
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# the carrier frequency is assumed to be in the middle of the carrier, i.e. dl_absoluteFrequencyPointA_kHz + dl_carrierBandwidth*12*SCS_kHz/2
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dl_absoluteFrequencyPointA = 640000;
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#scs-SpecificCarrierList
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dl_offstToCarrier = 0;
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# subcarrierSpacing
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# 0=kHz15, 1=kHz30, 2=kHz60, 3=kHz120
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dl_subcarrierSpacing = 1;
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dl_carrierBandwidth = 106;
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```
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## Run and Test
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The order to run the different components is important:
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1- first, CN
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2- then, eNB
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3- then, gNB
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4- finally, switch UE from airplane mode ON to OFF (ie Radio from OFF to ON)
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It is recommended to redirect the run commands to the same log file (fur further analysis and debug), using ```| tee **YOUR_LOG_FILE**``` especially for eNB and gNB.
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It is not very useful for the CN.
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The test takes typically a few seconds, max 10-15 seconds. If it takes more than 30 seconds, there is a problem.
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- **EPC** (on EPC host):
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for reference:
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[DEPLOY_HOME_MAGMA_MME](https://github.com/OPENAIRINTERFACE/openair-epc-fed/blob/master/docs/DEPLOY_HOME_MAGMA_MME.md)
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- **eNB** (on the eNB host):
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Execute:
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```bash
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~/openairinterface5g/cmake_targets/ran_build/build$ sudo ./lte-softmodem -O **YOUR_ENB_CONF_FILE** | tee **YOUR_LOG_FILE**
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```
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- **gNB** (on the gNB host)
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---
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>**⚠️ ATTENTION ⚠️**
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>
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> For the gNB execution:
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> - The **-E** option is required to enable the tri-quarter sampling rate when using a B2xx serie USRP
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> - The **-E** option is **NOT supported** when using a a N300 USRP
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---
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Execute:
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```bash
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~/openairinterface5g/cmake_targets/ran_build/build$ sudo ./nr-softmodem -O **YOUR_GNB_CONF_FILE** -E --nsa | tee **YOUR_LOG_FILE**
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```
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## Test Case
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The test case corresponds to the UE attachement, that is the UE connection and its initial access in 5G, as depicted below:
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**Source** : [5G/LTE interworking](https://www.sharetechnote.com/html/5G/5G_LTE_Interworking.html )
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The test reaches step **12. E-RAB modifcation confirmation** , eventhough not all the messages will appear in the log file.
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## Log file monitoring
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From the log file that is generated, we can monitor several important steps, to assess that the test was successful.
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Log files examples can be found here:
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* [enb log file](./testing_oai_nsa_w_cots_ue_resources/oai_enb.log)
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* [gnb log file](./testing_oai_nsa_w_cots_ue_resources/oai_gnb.log)
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- eNB receives UE capabilities information, including its NR capabilites, and triggers sGNB Addition Request message:
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***eNBlog.1315 :***
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```
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[RRC] [FRAME 00000][eNB][MOD 00][RNTI 43eb] received ueCapabilityInformation on UL-DCCH 1 from UE
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...
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[RRC] [eNB 0] frame 0 subframe 0: UE rnti 43eb switching to NSA mode
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...
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<X2AP-PDU>
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<initiatingMessage>
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<procedureCode>27</procedureCode>
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<criticality><reject/></criticality>
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<value>
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<SgNBAdditionRequest>
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<protocolIEs>
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<SgNBAdditionRequest-IEs>
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<id>111</id>
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<criticality><reject/></criticality>
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<value>
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<UE-X2AP-ID>0</UE-X2AP-ID>
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</value>
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</SgNBAdditionRequest-IEs>
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```
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- gNB receives sGNB Addition request, processes UE capabilities for the corresponding UE and triggers sGNB Addition Request ACK, carrying NR RRC Reconfiguration message:
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***gNBlog.2291 :***
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```
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<X2AP-PDU>
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<successfulOutcome>
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<procedureCode>27</procedureCode>
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<criticality><reject/></criticality>
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<value>
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<SgNBAdditionRequestAcknowledge>
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<protocolIEs>
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<SgNBAdditionRequestAcknowledge-IEs>
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<id>111</id>
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<criticality><reject/></criticality>
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<value>
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<UE-X2AP-ID>0</UE-X2AP-ID>
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</value>
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</SgNBAdditionRequestAcknowledge-IEs>
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```
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- Upon reception of the sGNB Addition Request ACK, the eNB sends a new RRCConnectionReconfiguration message containing the NR Reconfiguration.
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The UE replies with a Reconfiguration Complete message:
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***eNBlog.1686 :***
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```
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[RRC] [FRAME 00000][eNB][MOD 00][RNTI 43eb] UE State = RRC_RECONFIGURED (default DRB, xid 1)
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```
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- The Random Access procedure of the UE to the gNB takes place:
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***gNBlog.2382 :***
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```
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[PHY] [gNB 0][RAPROC] Frame 751, slot 19 Initiating RA procedure with
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preamble 63, energy 35.7 dB, delay 6
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[0m [0m[MAC] [gNB 0][RAPROC] CC_id 0 Frame 751, Slot 19 Initiating RA
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procedure for preamble index 63
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[0m [0m[MAC] [gNB 0][RAPROC] CC_id 0 Frame 751 Activating Msg2
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generation in frame 752, slot 7 using RA rnti 10b
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[0m [0m[MAC] [gNB 0] [RAPROC] CC_id 0 Frame 752, slotP 7: Generating
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RAR DCI, state 1
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[0m [0m[MAC] [RAPROC] DCI type 1 payload: freq_alloc 120 (0,6,24),
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time_alloc 3, vrb to prb 0, mcs 0 tb_scaling 0
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[0m [0m[MAC] Frame 752: Subframe 7 : Adding common DL DCI for RA_RNTI 10b
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[0m [0m[MAC] Frame 752, Subframe 7: Setting Msg3 reception for Frame
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752 Subframe 17
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[0m [0m[PHY] ULSCH received ok
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```
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- The eNB triggers the path switch procedure towards the MME, so that
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the traffic can be routed now from the SGW towards the gNB on the S1-U
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plane.
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***eNBlog.1691 :***
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```
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<S1AP-PDU>
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<initiatingMessage>
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<procedureCode>50</procedureCode>
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<criticality><reject/></criticality>
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<value>
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<E-RABModificationIndication>
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<protocolIEs>
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<E-RABModificationIndicationIEs>
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<id>0</id>
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<criticality><reject/></criticality>
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<value>
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<MME-UE-S1AP-ID>553648130</MME-UE-S1AP-ID>
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</value>
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</E-RABModificationIndicationIEs>
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```
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Eventually, step **12. E-RAB Modification Confirmation** is successfully reached
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## Required tools for debug
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- **Wireshark** to trace X2AP and S1AP protocols
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- **Ttracer** for 5G messages
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- **GDB debugger** to check function calls
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## Status of interoperability
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The following parts have been validated with FR1 COTS UE:
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- Phone accepts the configurtion provided by OAI eNB:
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this validates RRC and X2AP
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- Successful Random Access Procedure:
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PRACH is correctly decoded at gNB
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Phone correctly receives and decodes msg2 (NR PDCCH Format 1_0 and NR PDSCH)
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msg3 is transmitted to gNB according to the configuration sent in msg2, and received correctly at gNB
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- Successful path switch of user plane traffic from 4G to 5G cell (E-RAB modification message):
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this validates S1AP
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- Downlink traffic:
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PDCCH DCI format 1_1 and correponding PDSCH are decoded correctlyby the phone
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ACK/NACK (PUCCH format 0) are successfully received at gNB
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- **End-to end UL / DL traffic with HARQ procedures validated (ping, iperf)**
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- Known limitations as of September 2020:
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DL traffic : 3Mbps
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UL traffic : 1Mbps
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some packet losses might still occur even in ideal channel conditions
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